LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) is a popular and effective surgical procedure used to correct common vision problems like nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. By reshaping the cornea, LASIK allows light to focus properly onto the retina, often reducing or eliminating the need for glasses or contact lenses. While the thought of eye surgery can be daunting, understanding the process—what to do before, during, and after—will help ensure a smooth and successful experience.
Before Your Surgery
Preparation is key to a successful LASIK procedure. Your journey begins with a comprehensive eye examination.
The Consultation and Exam
If you wear contacts, stop wearing them at least 2 weeks prior to your evaluation. Contact lenses can temporarily alter the shape of your cornea, which would lead to inaccurate measurements. Bring any old glasses prescriptions or records of past eye examinations that you have which can be helpful verifying that your prescription is not changing.
During your evaluation, we will conduct a complete eye examination, measure the shape and thickness of your cornea, and measure your prescription to determine if you are a suitable candidate for LASIK. It's important to provide a full medical history.
Key Pre-Surgery To-Dos
- Arrange transportation: You will not be able to drive yourself home after the procedure, so plan for transportation in advance.
- Stop wearing makeup: On the day of the surgery, avoid wearing eye makeup, perfumes, lotions, or any creams around the eyes.
- Dress comfortably: Loose comfortable clothing is best on the day of surgery.
During the Surgery
The LASIK procedure itself is quick, typically lasting only 10 to 15 minutes for both eyes. It is performed as an outpatient procedure.
What to Expect
- Numbing Drops: Your surgeon will administer anesthetic eye drops to numb your eyes. You should feel no pain, but you may feel a sensation of pressure.
- Lid Speculum: A small instrument called a lid speculum is used to gently hold your eyelids open so you don’t have to worry about blinking.
- Corneal Flap Creation: Using a femtosecond laser, the surgeon creates a thin, hinged flap in the cornea's outer layer. This is the moment you may feel the most pressure. Your vision will temporarily dim or go dark.
- Laser Reshaping: The surgeon lifts the flap and uses an excimer laser to precisely reshape the underlying corneal tissue. You will be asked to focus on a target light. The laser is guided by your pre-operative measurements. During this time, you may hear a clicking sound and smell a distinct odor as tissue is vaporized.
- Flap Repositioning: The flap is gently put back into its original position, where it adheres naturally without the need for stitches.
After the Surgery
The recovery period is generally fast, but it is critical to follow all post-operative instructions.
Immediate Post-Op
Immediately following the procedure, your eyes may feel scratchy, watery, and light-sensitive. Your vision will be blurry. You will be given protective shields or goggles to wear to prevent you from rubbing your eyes. You should go home and rest for the remainder of the day. Many patients take a nap.
The First Few Days
- Medicated Drops: Use all prescribed eye drops (antibiotic and anti-inflammatory) exactly as instructed to prevent infection and control inflammation.
- Avoid Rubbing: Do not rub or touch your eyes for the first week. The flap is vulnerable and needs time to heal.
- Avoid Water and Sweat: For the first week, avoid getting tap water, soap, or sweat directly in your eyes. This means no swimming, hot tubs, or heavy exercise.
Long-Term Recovery
Most patients notice a significant improvement in vision within the first 24 hours. Your vision may fluctuate for several weeks or even months as it stabilizes. Attend all follow-up appointments, including your one-day post-op check, one-week check, and any additional appointments scheduled. While most of the improvement is usually apparent soon after surgery, full visual recovery can take 3 to 6 months. By following these guidelines, you maximize your chance of a safe and excellent visual outcome.